loneliness is as harmful as smoking 15 cigarettes a day NEWS Loneliness as bad as smoking

Quigley, I

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This means smokers face a higher risk of more severe periodontal disease, even with regular professional dental care

Combining the two compounds the issue: Plaque and tartar build up more readily in smokers, and braces make these deposits harder to clean away in the first place Gum disease risk increases , and healthy gums are important throughout orthodontic treatment since they support the teeth being moved Reduced healing capacity smoking affects blood flow to gum tissue, which can mean slower recovery from any gum irritation that occurs during treatment (a normal part of adjusting to brackets and wires) Effects on Tooth Movement and Treatment Outcomes This is where the research gets more nuanced, and it's worth understanding rather than oversimplifying