For individuals with atrophic gastritis, pernicious anaemia, or those taking proton pump inhibitors , food-bound B12 absorption is already compromised
Labs usually keep both dry and reconstituted material at controlled temperatures, protect vials from repeated freeze-thaw cycles, and record lot numbers, concentrations, and preparation dates in their lab notebooks or digital LIMS systems
That pattern is not mysterious
Refrigerated storage between 28 C is recommended to maintain structural integrity and minimise potential degradation under laboratory storage conditions
Due to its multifaceted biological activity, it is a staple in advanced comparative studies involving the regeneration of skeletal muscle fibers, tendons, and ligaments