Systemic Anti-Inflammatory Effect: The benefits of BPC-157 demonstrate systemic reduction of inflammation markers in animal studies, protecting surrounding tissue from collateral inflammatory damage during the acute healing phase
Hamedi-Kalajahi F, Zarezadeh M, Mojtahedi SY, Shabbidar S, Fahimi D, Imani H (2021) Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profile and apolipoproteins in children on hemodialysis: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial
3 G6PD in adaptive immunity Adaptive immunity, specifically the effector arms of T and B cell activation, are also dependent on G6PD and PPP activity
doi:10.1038/s41398-020-01135-3 6 Theoharides TC, et al
they trigger growth-hormone release through complementary receptors, so they are commonly combined in GH-axis research