Vitamin B12 is also critical for neurological function
Methylcobalamin (Vitamin B12) B12 supports neurological health , red blood cell formation , and energy production through: Coenzyme roles in homocysteine metabolism Activation of methionine synthase in DNA methylation Support for mood, cognition , and nervous system resilience Methylcobalamin is the active, bioidentical form of B12, with superior absorption and longer biological activity compared to cyanocobalamin
Pharmacokinetics: Cyanocobalamin is administered intranasally, orally, and parenterally, while hydroxocobalamin is administered only parenterally. Once absorbed, vitamin B12 is highly bound to transcobalamin II, a specific B-globulin carrier protein and is distributed and stored primarily in the liver as coenzyme B12. The bone marrow also stores a significant amount of the absorbed vitamin B12. This vitamin crosses the placenta and is distributed into breast milk. Enterohepatic recirculation conserves systemic stores. The half-life is about 6 days (400 days in the liver). Elimination is primarily through the bile; however, excess cyanocobalamin is excreted unchanged in the urine
Mice tolerated doses several times higher than the effective dose with no observable adverse effects
In these cases, patients pay out of pocket
