Routes of Administration Subcutaneous injection (standard): Protocols describe injection in the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm, rotating sites between injections, using standard SC technique with a 29-31 gauge insulin syringe
The three-amino-acid truncation transforms IGF-1 from a highly regulated, IGFBP-bound mediator into a potent, locally-acting growth factor with minimal systemic distribution
It is studied in animal models of tendon, ligament, GI and vascular healing (200+ PubMed publications)
These studies involve engineered laboratory models rather than people with inflammatory bowel disease
Together with B-vitamin fortified food (e.g., cereal, nutritional yeast) and supplements, these foods might contribute, though modestly, to prevent vitamin B 12 deficiency in individuals consuming vegetarian diets