Abbreviations AKI: Acute kidney injury ARN: Acute radiation nephropathy ACE: Angiotensin-converting enzyme AT I: Angiotensin I AT II: Angiotensin II BED: Biologically effective dose BMT: Bone marrow transplantation CKD: Chronic kidney disease CRN: Chronic radiation nephropathy DSB: Double-stranded breaks DAMP: Damage-associated molecular patterns EETs: Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids H&E: Hematoxylin and eosin IMRT: Intensity modulated radiotherapy MRT: Magnetic resonance tomography NO: Nitric oxide QUANTEC: Quantitative Analyses of Normal Tissue Effects in the Clinic RAAS: Reninangiotensinaldosterone system RN: Radiation nephropathy RT: Radiotherapy ROS: Reactive oxygen species OS: Oxidative stress TBI: Total body irradiation TGF-: Transforming growth factor beta TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy VMAT: Volumetric arc therapy References Wild CP, Espina C, Bauld L, Bonanni B, Brenner H, Brown K, et al
Mechanisms of glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) induction by 4-hydroxynonenal
A Clinical Perspective One of the reasons physician supervision matters is candidate screening
Regular application can lead to a more even skin tone and reduced dark spots
The pathogenesis involves a breakdown of self-tolerance, enhanced antigen presentation, T and B lymphocyte activation, autoantibody production, and cytokine-mediated thyroid tissue damage
