Claxton A, Baker LD, Hanson A, Trittschuh EH, Cholerton B, Morgan A, Callaghan M, Arbuckle M, Behl C, Craft S (2015) Long-acting intranasal insulin detemir improves cognition for adults with mild cognitive impairment or early-stage Alzheimers disease dementia
Chronic stress impairs the structure and function of astrocyte networks in an animal model of depression
Zhang H, Zhabyeyev P, Wang S, Oudit GY
Regarding fatty acid metabolism, besides promoting -oxidation, lipoic acid can inhibit fatty acid synthesis by regulating key enzymes like FASN, lowering hepatic fatty acid levels and reducing lipid accumulation
They mimic the actions of the endogenous incretin hormone GLP-1 that is released by the gut after eating