A common electronic cigarette brand, JUUL, provides the vape liquid in an encapsulated pod, and vapor emitted from the JUUL pod has been shown to induce several pro-inflammatory responses in nucleus accumbens sub-regions in female mice following long term exposure (159)
According to the FDA, models suggest that prohibiting menthol cigarettes could lead to an estimated 15% reduction in smoking within 40 years
These toxins, among others, contribute to the well-documented health risks associated with smoking, including lung cancer, heart disease, respiratory illnesses, and a range of other serious health conditions
Thailand also completely prohibits the import, sale and use of e-cigarettes, making even simple possession subject to punishment
No matter how strong selection may be, adaptive processes cannot climb higher peaks than afforded by the fitness landscape