In preclinical research, no significant toxicity has been observed even at high doses
Topical Application: Face and neck: 4% concentration applied twice daily Eye area: 2% concentration (reduced to accommodate sensitive skin) Typical amount: One dollop of cream (approximately 50mg of GHK-Cu) Injectable Application: For skin rejuvenation: 1-2 mg daily via subcutaneous injection Treatment duration: 4-6 weeks followed by a 2-4 week break Observations suggest visible improvements in skin firmness, elasticity, and reduction in wrinkles after consistent use, often noted around the 12-week mark
A recent clinical study further confirmed that NSW disrupts 24-hour rhythms of PER2, PER3, BMAL1, and ESR2 in PBMCs, impairs the inverse correlation between PER2 and BMAL1, and alters PER1 and ESR1 expression patterns, highlighting a misalignment in the peripheral circadian network associated with NSW schedules 212
4 Immunopharmacological implications Physiological levels of ROS, which are present in all living organisms, can activate both signaling pathways such as MAPK and ERK and transcription factors such as NF-B (Sies and Jones, 2020
Support Your Sleep Deep sleep is when the body does most of its cellular repair and detoxification
